Clinical Landscape, Calcium Burden and Angiographic Profile in Coronary Artery Tortuosity: How Does the Gender Contribute?
Presenter
Zainab Atiyah Dakhil, FIBMS Cardiol, Al Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad, Iraq
Zainab Atiyah Dakhil, FIBMS Cardiol, Al Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad, Iraq, Zakariya Khaleel, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq and Hasan Ali Farhan, FICMS Cardiol, Scientific Council of Cardiology, Iraqi Board for Medical Specializations, Baghdad, Iraq
Keywords: Coronary, Imaging & Physiology and Women's Health
Background
Gender is an established key role player on multiple levels in cardiovascular diseases like SCAD and Takutsubo cardiomyopathy, yet there is knowledge gap regarding impact of gender on other less studied entities like coronary artery tortuosity (CAT) despite being common angiographic phenotype. So, we sought to assess impact of gender on clinical and angiographic profiles and calcium burden in patients with CAT
Methods
Cross-sectional study enrolled patients with chronic chest pain whom referred for coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and coronary angiography (CA) who were discovered to have CAT. Patients were grouped into males and females
Results
Total n.=106, 49.1% males vs 50.9% females, females were older(mean age=60.3±10.5 vs 54.3±2.6,p=0.01) and more to be hypertensive (75.9% vs 59.6%,p<0.001) ,DM seen more in males(30.8% vs 22.2%, p<0.001) .Among patients who underwent TMT; positive TMT seen more in females (95.5% vs 85%,p=0.007), angiography showed more iliac tortuosity in females(25.9% vs 23.1%,p<0.001) while severe form of CAT seen more in males (7.6% vs 5.6%).LAD was most affected artery by CAT in both genders. Obstructive coronary lesions observed more in males (55.8% vs 33.3%,p<0.001) same as severe CACs (21.2% vs 16.7%,p=0.3)
Conclusions
In the context of CAT: despite no statistically significant difference observed in grading of coronary calcification according to gender, still males have higher rate of obstructive coronary lesions and higher risk coronary anatomy (LMS or 3 vessel disease) compared to female counterparts. Future studies of pathophysiological basis and further risk stratification based on gender in CAT are warranted
