Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Background
Limited data available on the outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in comparison to the general population (non-HIV).

Methods
The study population was extracted from the 2014 Nationwide Readmissions Data using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes for AMI, HIV, and in-hospital outcomes. Outcomes included in-hospital all-cause mortality, cardiogenic shock, bleeding, vascular complications, acute kidney injury, the likelihood of receiving invasive coronary angiography with/without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Results
A total of 354 patients with HIV infection were identified among patients admitted with a principal diagnosis of AMI. There was no significant difference between HIV and non-HIV groups in terms of in-hospital all-cause mortality (6.8% versus 5.4%, p=0.25), cardiogenic shock (6.5% versus 6.4%, p=0.91), bleeding (7.9% versus 6.8%, p<0.01), vascular complications (0.9% versus 0.8%, p=0.87), acute kidney injury (21.2% versus 17.6%, p=0.07) or likelihood of receiving invasive treatment (79.4% versus 75.1%, p=0.06) or PCI (53.7% versus 50.0%, p=0.16).

Conclusions
When compared to non-HIV patients, HIV patients who presented with AMI had comparable outcomes in terms of in-hospital all-cause mortality, morbidity and likelihood of being treated invasively.